Teen Trouble: 26 Nov 2007

Young offenders - 12% of crime

mosquito, dispersal order, asbo

1993 2 10 yr olds arrested for murder - created everyone to look at youths differently

4.2 million cctv in the uk

media demonizes whole generation when its a small minority - cultivation theory (the more you see it the more you believe it)

6 x more likely to fall down stairs than be a victim of knife crime     

youths behave hostile towards adults because adults look down on them and think they are all troublesome



        

        

Internet

Memes
'a catchphrase or concept that spreads quickly from person to person via the internet'


An Anthropolgical Introduction to Youtube

1.       When was Youtube first released?

April 25th 2005

2.       According to Michael Wesch what does Web 2.0 allow people to do?

allows people to link together and connect

3.       When media changes what else changes?

human relations

4.       What influenced the loss of community? And what has now filled this void?

women going to work, supermarkets as apposed to grocers, mobile phones, independance

5.       How are communities connected?

6.       Explain what he means by voyeuristic capabilities?

7.       Write 3 points about what he refers when he discusses playing with identity

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8.       What does the ‘Free hugs phenomenon’ suggest about people?

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David Gauntlett

5 key themes

1. Creativity as a process - about emotions and experiences
2. Making and sharing - to feel alive, to participate in community
3. Happiness - through creativty and community
4. Creativity as social glue - a middle layer between individuals and society
5. Making your mark - and making the world your own

Critical Identity Theory - Katherine Hamley

1) Young people are surrounded by influential imagery - popular media (examples?)

• television - when people watch tv shows, mainly series people may grow to like a particular character, alot of people forget that some characters are not real and it is acting however some people idolise tv programme characters and may aspire to be like them in some way whether its dress sense, personality etc.
• magazines - many people buy magazines or even if they dont buy them they may read a family members magazine, or at a doctors.. alot of magazines are filled with fashion tips which influence readers to purchase particular items

2)     It is no longer possible for an identity to just be constructed in a small community and influenced by a family (Discuss)

3)      Everything concerning our lives is ‘media saturated’ (What does this mean?)

Buckingham:

• identity is something unique to each of us, but also implies a relationship with a broader group
• identiy can change according to our circumstances
• identity becomes more important to us if we feel it is threatened #

David Gauntlett

• identity is complicated, however everybody feels they have one
• relgious and national identities are at the heart of major international conflicts
• we like to think we are unique but gauntlett questions whether this is an illusion and we are more similar than we think
• the average teenager can created numerous identities in a short space of time 

online media

facebook logo -
social network, friends, chat, identity, mediated, sharing, posting,

Negative impact -

• often monitored by the police and some things posted can feature on the news
• cyber bullying, youths represented negatively
• distracts them from school/ college work

Positive impact -

• Strengthen friendships
• Youths can advertise own businesses e.g. photography, music showing determination and dedication
• cultures coming together
• allows people to express themselves

What new forms of social interaction have media technologies enabled?

• globalisation
• development of self-identity
• sharing of info
• self - realisation
• collective intelligence
• reshaping media messages and their flow; reshape and recirculate messages
• consumer communication with business (greater influence) - mass collaboration
• user generated content

The modern identity concept

Personal identity
-sense of being a unique individual

Social Identity
-results from being a member of a group
-in former times: nationality, race, gender, occupation, sport club

Mediatization of the self
-diversity of interest groups in online social networks
-easy transition between those communities

reading

negotiated -
audience understand text but may not agree with some of it

oppositional -
people decoding the meaning of a text in the opposite way in which producers intended

representation is a mixture of:

1. the thing itself 
2. the opinions of the people doing the representation
3. the reaction of the individual to the representation
4. the context of the society in which the representation is taking place

- implicit personality theory

reading

negotiated -
audience understand text but may not agree with some of it

oppositional -
people decoding the meaning of a text in the opposite way in which producers intended

representation is a mixture of:

1. the thing itself 
2. the opinions of the people doing the representation
3. the reaction of the individual to the representation
4. the context of the society in which the representation is taking place

Encoding-decoding (stuart hall, 1980) active audience theory

• encoding is the process by which a text is constructed by its producers
• decoding is the process by which the audience reads, understands and interprets a text
• hall states that texts are polysemic, meaning they may be read differently by different people, depending on their identity, cultural knowledge and opinions

Media Effects

do media representations of young people effect how they are perceived?

• hypodermic model
• cultivation theory
• copy cat theory
• moral panic

if we see youth violence on popular tv channels we are more likely to believe this is also reality

people supposedly copy scenes in films, influenced by music to be violent

the more films, tv programs that represent youths as being violent the more panic which is created by society



Contemporary British Social Realism

• social realist films attempt to portray issues facing ordinary people in their social situations
• social realist films try to show society and the capitalist system leads to the exploitation of the poor or dispossessed 
• these groups are shown as victims of the system rather than being totally responsible for their own bad behavior

Analysing representation of collective identity

• who is being represented?
• who is representing them?
• how are they represented?
• what seems to be the intentions of the representations?
• what is the dominant discourse? (world view offered by the film)
• what range of readings are there?

Fish Tank (2009)

Director: Andrea Arnold

What ideas are used to introduce the main character?

• victim
• violence
• lower/working class
• female protagonist 

What are the similarities and differences between the opening sequences of Fish Tank and Harry Brown?

• almost all teenage characters are clearly working class
• main adult characters tend to be middle class
• representations may be said to reflect middle class anxiety at threat of working class to their hegemonic dominance

Social Class: Reinforcing cultural hegemony/ Dominant ideologies

• Working class British youths are generally represented as being violent, brutal, unapologetic, criminals, addictive personalities - Harry brown, Kidulthood, Quadrophenia, Eden Lake

Vs

• Middle Class British Youths are generally represented as being more law-abiding, conscience citizens - The inbetweeners

On top of this the antagonists are always the working class youths and the middle class are positioned to be the protagonists 

The Inbetweeners (2011)

Director: Ben Palmer

• Everybody in the inbetweeners we see are white 
• The upper class older people are very posh, seen drinking tea and wearing nice clothes, the parents of the upper class youth are worried about him going on holiday and they have posh accents
• The youths(males) are constantly talking about sex & alcohol 
• We see some other male youths in the school scene which are seen as 'bullies' as they give a boy a wedgie for no reason
• We see one teenage girl who seems to be quite powerful, she dumps her boyfriend and also demands bullies to leave the boy they are harassing alone - and they do
• One family seems to be of lower class to the rest, which is shown by the dads dress sense and how he is speaking, we also see inside the house of the lower class family and it looks to be very dirty and messy

Horror

film theorist robin wood argues that the basic formula of the horror film is 'normality is threatened by the monster. I use 'normality' here.. to mean simply 'conformity to the dominant social forms'

Exam

• 2 Hours long
• 2 questions, one question on coursework, one question from a choice of 6 topics
• Question 1a areas - digital technology, creativity, research and planning, post production, using conventions from real media
• Question 1b - Use a media concept to talk about one of your productions (trailer, poster, mag) .. genre, narrative, representation, audience, media lang

Section b

indentity guided questions -
how do the contemporary media represent british youth and youth culture in diff ways?

3 elements-
historical
contemporary
future

How are British youths represented in Quadrophenia and Harry Brown

In the film Harry Brown british youths are represented in a negative way, the youths in the film are responsible for murdering the main characters (Harry Brown) best friend, they are portrayed as being violent and destructive. The way the youth are represented in this film fits in with some of the youth media theories